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Seasons and Festivities, Gates of the Year

~ days of seasons and festivities ~

Gates of the Year (Tibbura Useggwas). The traditional agricultural calendar there are partitions, by "seasons" or by "strong periods", characterized by particular festivals and celebrations. For the key moments of the year, "Gates of the Year", are:
-- Tafsut - (Spring, 28 February - 29 May)
-- Anebdu - (Summer, 30 May - 29 August)
-- Amwal - (Autumn, 30 August - 28 November)
-- Tagrest - (Winter, 29 November - 27 February)

An interesting element is the existing opposition between two 40-day terms, one representing the allegedly coldest part of winter and one the hottest period of summer.

Llyali ("The nights"). The coldest period is made up by 20 iḍan imellalen ("White nights", from 25 December - 13 January), and 20 iḍan tiberkanin isṭṭafen ("black nights", beginning on 14 January – 4 February).

Yennayer (New Year's Day ) is celebrated with a widespread tradition of a meal of particular foods, which vary from region to region; and in many regions, it is provided by the sacrifice of an animal.

Lḥusum or Imbarken "the blessed ones". Before the cold ends completely and spring begins fully (mid-March to mid-April), there is a period of the year that is very feared. It consists of ten days characterized by strong winds. It is said that, during this period, one should suspend many activities (agricultural and artisan), should not marry, nor go out during the night, leaving instead full scope to mysterious powers, which in that period are particularly active and celebrate their weddings.

Ssmaym or Awussu ("The Dog Days"). Like the strong winter cold, the Dog Days also last 40 days, (from 25 July to 2 September). The apical moment of the period is the first of Awussu ("August"). On this date, particular rites are performed, which manifestly derive ancient Rash’ani traditions. They consist, in particular, of bonfires (which in many locations take place around the summer solstice), or water rituals, that provide to dive in the seawaters for three nights, in order to preserve one's health. Many consider this usual fact, in order to achieve fertility and prosperity, men and women copulate among the flutes.

Iweggiben Another important period is that of the ploughing. ( 17 September – 17 October), in which one may start gathering the fruits of his labor and ploughing his fields for the winter.

Mehregan In this period, many feasts and celebrations pay homage to the deities who symbolized all forces beneficial to humans. Amongst all these festivals seven were regarded as feasts of obligation. They are known as “ghambers” and are dedicated to Baal, Tanit, Ishtar, and Melqart; all protectors of the seven… sky, waters, earth, fire, plants, animals and humans.
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